The Effectiveness of Fidgets and Sensory Exploration for Neurodiverse Brains
Fidget tools and sensory exploration activities have become increasingly popular as tools for enhancing focus, emotional regulation, and overall well-being for neurodiverse individuals. For people with conditions like ADHD, autism, and sensory processing disorders, these tools can offer crucial support in managing sensory overload, promoting focus, and even improving mental health. But how exactly do they work, and why are they so beneficial? In this post, we’ll explore the science behind fidgets and sensory activities, how they impact neurodiverse brains, and the ways they can be used effectively.
Understanding Sensory Processing and the Neurodiverse Brain
Neurodiverse individuals—those with ADHD, autism, or sensory processing disorders (SPD)—often experience the world differently than neurotypical people. The brain's ability to process and respond to sensory stimuli can be heightened, diminished, or altered in a variety of ways, leading to sensory overload, under-sensitivity, or difficulty with attention regulation.
For example, a person with autism might have heightened sensory sensitivities, making bright lights, loud noises, or certain textures overwhelming. Conversely, individuals with ADHD might seek sensory input as a way to self-regulate attention or cope with emotional fluctuations. Research published in Frontiers in Psychology highlights how sensory processing differences can affect cognition and behavior, making the need for effective sensory tools more important than ever.
Fidget tools and sensory exploration activities serve as coping mechanisms that help neurodiverse individuals manage these sensory challenges. These activities not only provide a way to release energy or anxiety but also engage the brain in ways that can promote focus, calm, and self-regulation.
Fidgets and Their Role in Focus and Regulation
Fidget tools—ranging from simple stress balls and putty to more complex items like spinners, cubes, and textured strips—are designed to provide tactile stimulation, which can help regulate the brain’s sensory input. For neurodivergent individuals, these tools often serve as a means to ground themselves in the present moment, especially when experiencing sensory overload or difficulty focusing.
For people with ADHD, studies have shown that using fidget tools can aid in maintaining attention and reducing impulsivity. A 2016 study published in the Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology found that fidgeting could help children with ADHD improve focus during tasks that require sustained attention. The rhythmic, repetitive action of a fidget device seems to provide sensory feedback that helps "calm" the overstimulated brain, allowing it to focus better on the task at hand. In fact, some children with ADHD use fidget tools as a self-regulation strategy, helping them avoid getting too distracted or restless during school or at home.
For individuals on the autism spectrum, fidgeting can offer similar benefits. According to a study in Autism Research (2017), individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often seek repetitive motions (called "stimming") as a way to regulate sensory input or deal with stress. Fidgeting, which provides sensory stimulation, can reduce anxiety and improve emotional regulation. Many autistic individuals find comfort and stability in the repetitive motions of objects like fidget spinners, chewable jewelry, or textured strips.
Sensory Exploration and Its Benefits for Neurodiverse Brains
Sensory exploration involves engaging multiple senses—touch, sight, sound, smell, and taste—to understand and respond to the world. For neurodiverse individuals, sensory exploration is not only a way to experience the world but also a method for regulating mood, improving cognitive function, and fostering emotional well-being.
Research supports the idea that sensory exploration can play a significant role in emotional and cognitive development. A study published in Developmental Neurorehabilitation found that sensory integration therapy, which involves structured activities that engage the senses, could help improve attention, reduce anxiety, and enhance cognitive functioning in children with autism and sensory processing disorders. Sensory exploration techniques may include activities like swinging, deep pressure (e.g., weighted blankets), tactile exploration (e.g., sensory bins or textured materials), or auditory stimulation (e.g., listening to soothing sounds).
The science behind these activities is rooted in how the brain processes sensory information. Sensory input, when properly regulated, can help soothe an overstimulated nervous system. For example, deep pressure, often experienced through activities like squeezing or hugging, can activate the parasympathetic nervous system, reducing the "fight or flight" response and promoting a sense of calm. Similarly, exposure to calming sensory stimuli, like soft textures or gentle sounds, can help lower anxiety levels and improve focus.
For individuals with ADHD, sensory activities can also help manage restlessness and hyperactivity. A study published in Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review found that sensory stimulation, such as rhythmic or repetitive activities, can provide a calming effect, helping children with ADHD better control their impulses and regulate their emotions.
Fidgets and Sensory Exploration in Daily Life
Incorporating fidget tools and sensory exploration activities into daily routines can have a positive impact on both children and adults. For neurodivergent individuals, these tools can be used in various settings, such as the classroom, workplace, or home, to promote focus, reduce stress, and increase comfort.
At School:
Fidget Tools for Focus: Fidget spinners, cubes, or stress balls can be helpful for students with ADHD, allowing them to channel excess energy or anxiety in a controlled manner while they engage in learning activities.
Sensory Breaks: Schools can provide sensory breaks where students can engage in calming activities like using a weighted blanket, playing with tactile objects, or listening to calming music. These breaks help students refocus and manage sensory overload.
At Work:
Fidget Tools for Adults: For adults with ADHD or anxiety, fidget tools can be useful in the workplace. Small, discrete tools like a stress ball or fidget ring can help reduce stress, calm anxiety, and maintain focus during meetings or while completing tasks.
Sensory-Friendly Workspaces: Sensory-friendly office environments, which may include noise-canceling headphones, adjustable lighting, or tactile objects, can help neurodivergent individuals feel more comfortable and productive in their work environment.
At Home:
Sensory Exploration for Relaxation: At home, engaging in sensory exploration activities like using a sensory bin (e.g., a container filled with rice, beads, or foam), playing with kinetic sand, or engaging in mindful breathing exercises can help neurodiverse individuals relax, reduce anxiety, and regulate emotions.
Weighted Blankets for Sleep: For those who struggle with sensory overload or anxiety, weighted blankets or vests can provide comforting deep pressure stimulation, promoting better sleep and reducing nighttime restlessness.
How to Choose the Right Fidget Tools and Sensory Activities
Not all fidget tools or sensory activities are created equal. What works for one person may not be effective for another, and the sensory needs of each individual can vary greatly. Here are a few tips on choosing the right tools and activities:
Consider Sensory Preferences: Some individuals may prefer tactile stimulation (e.g., textures or pressure), while others may respond better to auditory or visual stimuli. Experiment with different types of fidgets (e.g., squeeze toys, spinners, textured strips, etc.) to identify what works best.
Focus on Functionality: Look for fidget tools that are functional and not too distracting in the environment. For instance, quiet, non-disruptive fidgets are ideal for classroom or work settings, while larger or more complex tools might be better suited for home use.
Incorporate Variety: Sensory needs can change depending on the day or situation. Having a range of sensory tools—such as weighted blankets, chewable jewelry, or textured toys—can provide multiple options for managing stress, anxiety, or focus.
Consult with Professionals: Occupational therapists, particularly those trained in sensory integration therapy, can be invaluable in helping neurodiverse individuals identify the best sensory tools and activities for their specific needs.
Fidget tools and sensory exploration activities are powerful tools for neurodiverse individuals, particularly those with ADHD, autism, and sensory processing disorders. These tools provide sensory input that helps regulate emotions, reduce anxiety, and improve focus. Whether in the classroom, at work, or at home, incorporating fidgeting and sensory activities into daily life can enhance emotional regulation, boost productivity, and support mental well-being.
By understanding and respecting the unique sensory needs of neurodivergent individuals, we can better support them in navigating the world and finding comfort and balance in their sensory experiences.
Resources:
Frontiers in Psychology - Sensory Processing in Neurodiverse Individuals: Link to article
Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - Fidgeting and Attention in ADHD: Link to article
Autism Research - Fidgeting and Anxiety in Autistic Individuals: Link to article
Developmental Neurorehabilitation - Sensory Integration Therapy for Autism: Link to article
Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review - Sensory Activities for ADHD: Link to article
